Baking and cooking math, done for you

Twenty-four free calculators and reference guides for the kitchen math that actually matters — from baker's percentages to how much soup to make for a crowd.

Baking Math

Baker's Percentage Calculator

Ingredient weights from flour weight and percentages, or work backward from a target dough weight.

Recipe Scaling Calculator

Scale any ingredient amount up or down between two yields.

Hydration Percentage Calculator

Find your dough's hydration, or the water needed to hit a target.

Sourdough Starter Feeding Calculator

Exact flour and water for any starter feeding ratio.

Yeast Conversion Calculator

Convert between active dry, instant, and fresh yeast by weight.

Conversions & Substitutions

Volume to Weight Converter

Cups to grams (or back) for flour, sugar, butter, and more.

Pan Size Conversion Calculator

Adjust a recipe for a different pan, based on surface area.

Oven Temperature Conversion

Fahrenheit, Celsius, and UK gas mark, converted instantly.

Egg Size Substitution Calculator

Convert a recipe's egg count between small, medium, large, and jumbo.

Butter Substitution Calculator

Convert butter to oil, shortening, margarine, or coconut oil.

Herb Substitution Chart

Fresh to dried conversion, plus common herb-for-herb swaps.

Spice Conversion Chart

Whole to ground spice conversion, and why the ratio isn't 1:1.

Dry to Cooked Rice Calculator

Convert dry rice to cooked (or back), by rice type.

Flour Types Explained

What separates AP, bread, cake, pastry, and 00 flour — and when to use each.

Meat & Roasting

Internal Meat Temperature Guide

USDA safe minimums, plus common beef doneness temperatures.

Turkey Cooking Time Calculator

Estimated roasting time by weight, stuffed or unstuffed.

Brine Calculator

Salt (and sugar) by weight and target salinity, not guesswork.

Meat Thawing Time Estimator

Refrigerator or cold water thawing time by weight.

Vegetable Roasting Times

Typical roast times by vegetable at 400–425°F.

Serving & Meal Planning

Pasta Serving Calculator

How much dry pasta to cook for a given number of people.

Soup Serving Calculator

Batch size for a crowd, as a main course or a starter.

Chili Serving Calculator

How much chili to make, from a family dinner to a cook-off.

Leftover Calculator

Servings remaining, plus how long common leftovers stay safe.

Coffee Ratio Calculator

Coffee-to-water ratio by weight, either direction.

Appliance Conversions

Air Fryer Conversion Chart

Convert oven temperature and time to air fryer settings.

Slow Cooker Conversion Chart

Convert oven or stovetop time to slow cooker Low or High.

Dutch Oven Size Guide

Common sizes, typical diameter, and what each is good for.

Why weight-based baking math, not just recipes

Cups and tablespoons are convenient, but they're not consistent — the same "1 cup of flour" can vary by 10-20% in actual weight depending on how it's measured. Every calculator on this site that touches baking works in weight and percentages wherever it matters, the way professional bakers actually think about a formula, so the numbers hold up whether you're making one loaf or ten.

Reference numbers, not a guarantee

Every calculator here is built on standard, commonly published reference data — but your specific oven, ingredients, altitude, and equipment all introduce real variation. Use these as a solid starting point and confirm doneness (with a thermometer, a toothpick, or your own judgment) rather than trusting a number alone.